With the support of NIAAA, scientists at medical centers and universities
throughout the country are studying alcoholism. The goal of this research is to
develop more effective ways of treating and preventing alcohol problems.
Today, NIAAA funds approximately 90 percent of all alcoholism research in the
United States. Some of the more exciting investigations include:
Genetic research: Scientists are now studying 3,000 individuals
from several hundred families with a history of alcoholism in order to
pinpoint the location of genes that influence vulnerability to alcoholism.
This new knowledge will help identify individuals at high risk for alcoholism
and also will pave the way for the development of new treatments for
alcohol-related problems. Other research is investigating the ways in which
genetic and environmental factors combine to cause alcoholism.
Treatment approaches: NIAAA also sponsored a study called Project
MATCH, which tested whether treatment outcome could be improved by matching
patients to three types of treatment based on particular individual
characteristics. This study found that all three types of treatment reduced
drinking markedly in the year following treatment.
New medications: Studies supported by NIAAA have led to the Food
and Drug Administration's approval of the medication naltrexone (ReViaTM)
for the treatment of alcoholism. When used in combination with counseling,
this prescription drug lessens the craving for alcohol in many people and
helps prevent a return to heavy drinking. Naltrexone is the first medication
approved in 45 years to help alcoholics stay sober after they detoxify from
alcohol.
In addition to these efforts, NIAAA is sponsoring promising research in other
vital areas, such as fetal alcohol syndrome, alcohol's effects on the brain and
other organs, aspects of drinkers' environments that may contribute to alcohol
abuse and alcoholism, strategies to reduce alcohol-related problems, and new
treatment techniques.
Together, these investigations will help to prevent alcohol problems; identify
alcohol abuse and alcoholism at earlier stages; and make available new, more
effective treatment approaches for individuals and families.
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